btrfs

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# 
Btrfs Management
## 
File System Management
|

|Description||---------|-------------||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| |---##

Command
Description




mkfs.btrfs /dev/sdX`sdX
Create a new Btrfs filesystem


mount /dev/sdX /mnt`mnt
Mount Btrfs filesystem


umount /mnt`mnt
Unmount filesystem


btrfs filesystem show`show
Show Btrfs filesystems


btrfs filesystem df /mnt`mnt
Show space usage


btrfs filesystem usage /mnt`mnt
Detailed space usage




RAID Management
|

|Description||---------|-------------||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| |---##

Command
Description




mkfs.btrfs -d raid1 -m raid1 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc`sdc
Create RAID1 (mirror)


mkfs.btrfs -d raid0 -m raid0 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc`sdc
Create RAID0 (striping)


mkfs.btrfs -d raid10 -m raid10 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde`sde
Create RAID10


btrfs device add /dev/sdd /mnt`mnt
Add device to filesystem


btrfs device remove /dev/sdc /mnt`mnt
Remove device from filesystem


btrfs balance start -dconvert=raid1 -mconvert=raid1 /mnt`mnt
Convert existing FS to RAID1


btrfs balance start /mnt`mnt
Rebalance data across devices


btrfs device stats /mnt`mnt
Show device stats




Subvolume Management
|

|Description||---------|-------------||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| |---##

Command
Description




btrfs subvolume create /mnt/data`data
Create subvolume


btrfs subvolume list /mnt`mnt
List subvolumes


btrfs subvolume delete /mnt/data`data
Delete subvolume


btrfs subvolume snapshot /mnt/data /mnt/data-snap`snap
Snapshot a subvolume


btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt/data /mnt/data-ro`ro
Create readonly snapshot




Snapshots
|

|Description||---------|-------------||`| ||`| ||| |Sendsnapshot

Command
Description




btrfs subvolume snapshot /mnt/data /mnt/data-snap`snap
Create snapshot


btrfs subvolume delete /mnt/data-snap`snap
Delete snapshot


`btrfs send /mnt/data-snap
btrfs receive /mnt/backup`



to

another FS |

---

## 
Scrub & Check
|

|Description||---------|-------------||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| ||`| |---##

Command
Description




btrfs scrub start /mnt`mnt
Start scrub on mounted FS


btrfs scrub status /mnt`mnt
Show scrub status


btrfs scrub cancel /mnt`mnt
Cancel scrub


btrfs check /dev/sdX`sdX
Check filesystem (offline)


btrfs rescue super-recover /dev/sdX`sdX
Try to recover superblock




Resize
|

|Description||---------|-------------||`| ||`| ||`| |---##

Command
Description




btrfs filesystem resize +10G /mnt`mnt
Grow FS by 10G


btrfs filesystem resize -5G /mnt`mnt
Shrink FS by 5G


btrfs filesystem resize max /mnt`mnt
Use full device size




Example Workflows
### 
Create RAID1 (mirror) with 2 disks
```bash
mkfs.btrfs -d raid1 -m raid1 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc
mount /dev/sdb /mnt

Add new disk to pool and rebalance into RAID1
btrfs device add /dev/sdd /mnt
btrfs balance start -dconvert=raid1 -mconvert=raid1 /mnt

Create snapshot and restore
btrfs subvolume snapshot /mnt/data /mnt/data-snap
btrfs subvolume delete /mnt/data
btrfs subvolume snapshot /mnt/data-snap /mnt/data


Qgroups



Command
Description




btrfs qgroup show -re /mnt/btrfs_volume
Shows limits of the volume


btrfs qgroup limit 3T /mnt/btrfs_subvolume
Sets limit for this subvolume




Mount Options



Option
Description




compress=zstd
Enable compression (recommended: zstd)


compress=lzo
LZO compression (fast, less efficient)


compress-force=zstd
Force compression for all data


autodefrag
Auto defragmentation on write


ssd
Optimize for SSD (usually auto-detected)


ssd_spread
Alternative SSD write strategy


space_cache=v2
Faster mount via allocation cache


discard=async
Asynchronous TRIM for SSD


noatime
Disable access time updates


nodatacow
Disable Copy-on-Write


subvol=
Mount specific subvolume


subvolid=
Mount by subvolume ID



Example fstab entry:
/dev/sdb /mnt btrfs defaults,compress=zstd,autodefrag,ssd,discard=async 0 0